Her physical evaluation and medical history were unremarkable

Her physical evaluation and medical history were unremarkable. the life-threatening picture of a 36-year-old otherwise healthy Caucasian woman with newly diagnosed severe immune thrombocytopenia in the temporal context of a DTaP-IP vaccination. Four days after receiving the vaccine, the women presented to her primary care physician with malaise, fever and recurrent epistaxis. Clinical examination revealed oral petechiae, ecchymoses, and non-palpable petechiae on both legs. The patient was immediately referred to a local hematology unit where she designed hematuria and an intestinal bleeding (WHO Bleeding Grade III) requiring multiple transfusions. After receiving oral corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulins, her platelets gradually recovered. Common causes of secondary ITP were ruled out by laboratory investigations, bone marrow and peripheral blood examinations. This raises the possibility of a (secondary) vaccination-associated thrombocytopenia. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first well-documented case of a DTaP-IP vaccination-related ITP in an adult patient in the English literature. Conclusion Although a causal connection between both entities may not be established, we would like to raise awareness in clinicians that ITP following DTaP-IP vaccinations is usually potentially not limited to children, but may also occur in adults. Users of DTaP-IP booster vaccines should be alert of the possibility of such adverse reactions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40001-022-00686-z. Keywords: Vaccination, Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis, Polio, Immune Pi-Methylimidazoleacetic acid thrombocytopenia, Bleeding, Platelets, Adverse effect, Case report Background Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is usually a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by low platelet counts and an increased bleeding risk [1, 2]. Expertise in the management of affected patients is not widely spread [1] and ITP is usually a diagnosis of exclusion [2]. Patients who develop thrombocytopenia (as defined by a platelet count Pi-Methylimidazoleacetic acid complications due to a vaccine induced ITP. Case presentation A 36-year-old Caucasian woman presented to her primary care physician’s office to receive a DTaP-IP booster vaccination (diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis adsorbed and inactivated poliovirus). Her physical examination and medical history were unremarkable. In the past, she received all recommended vaccinations in accordance with the national immunization schedule developed by the German St?ndige Impfkommission. The patient was a non-smoker and did not receive any regular medication. Vital parameters were normal and the woman denied any indicators of contamination. She received LRCH1 the vaccination (Boostrix Polio, AC39B145AA, Glaxo Smith Kline, manufactured in Rixensart, Belgium) and was discharged home shortly after. A few hours later, the woman developed chills, malaise and discomfort. Moreover, she also suffered from agonizing myalgias. At first, she did not consult a medical professional, but symptoms gradually worsened and 4 days later, she presented again to her doctors office after noticing red stains in her mouth and after experiencing epistaxis. The patient denied any indicators of blood in urine or stools. Medical examination revealed multiple oral petechiae (1C2?mm in size) and ecchymoses (approximately 1C2?cm in.